Today I learned the science of ice cream

Homemade ice cream is a tradition in our family. When I was a kid, Gramma would bring out the old ice cream maker at birthday parties and other summertime special events. She'd whip up the ingredients in the kitchen, pour it in the tall metal cylinder and sit that inside the bucket with the ice and salt. And then The Uncles would all have their chance to turn the crank until their arm felt like it would fall off. And then the cousins would all compete over who got to eat the ice cream off the paddles inside the churning cylinder. And we'd eat our ice cream in the yard until our brains would freeze.

But until today, I did not know about the science behind the process. So grab your scoops and sundae bowls and prepare for a tasty lesson about the science of ice cream!

I made ice cream with two plastic freezer bags

and a depressed freezing point. With stuff around the house.

For this fun project, you need the following:

1 gallon freezer bag

1 quart freezer bag

Ice cubes

Large crystal salt

Ingredients:

1 cup milk -OR- Half and Half -OR- whipping cream

(These vary in creaminess and the amount of exercise required post-ingestion.)
2 tbs. sweetener - you can use regular sugar - I used agave nectar.

1 tsp. flavoring - any kind you like. I went with regular old vanilla.

First you mix the milk, sweetener and flavoring in the quart-sized bag.

Congratuations! You've just created a solution!

(No, not the "problem" kind of solution. Unless you're thirsty for flavored, sweetened milk.)

The solution I'm talking about is a homogenous mixture of two or more substances. *cricket chirp* OK, so science isn't my strong suit, and the first time I read the definition of a solution I was thinking, "Um - What?" (Oh, to challenge my limitations!) I know the everyday meaning of homogenous, and the scientific one isn't much different. Homogenous, in this case, means that these ingredients are now combined in a uniform substance. After you mix it together fully, the components do not settle or separate on their own, i.e. the vanilla won't rise to the top, the sugar won't settle to the bottom. While the milk, sugar, and vanilla retain their own chemical uniqueness, they have come together to create a new substance. When they join together, they create a solution! (Hey, if you need a speech at an ice cream social feel free to take that and run with it.)

And with that little tidbit of information, I now also understand homogenized milk. During that process, the fat molecules that would normally rise to the top and separate from the milk are shot through teeeeeny-tiny holes so that they will be small enough to intermix with the rest of the milk. Here's a link that explains the process. 

So, wait a sec. They infuse the fat molocules into the milk? Hmm. I wonder if that's why the milk with the cream that rises to the top tastes better... It seems I'll have to take my blog on a field trip to the local creamery when the weather gets a little nicer.

Ok, back to the ice cream science...

Next, take your gallon bag and fill it 1/4 of the way up and add 3 tbs. of salt.

I always wondered as a kid why they added the salt. The grown-ups told me it was because it melted the ice. But I found a more in-depth explanation at this site. "When you add salt to the ice, it lowers the freezing point of the ice, so even more energy has to be absorbed from the environment in order for the ice to melt. This makes the ice colder than it was before, which is how your ice cream freezes."

This is also why it's important to salt the roads when it starts to get icy, and why parts of the ocean don't freeze even when they are well below freezing. This site is really interesting and explains it well.

Next, add the WeLL-SEALED bag of milk solution.

And add 1/4 more ice and 3 more tbs. of salt on top.

And now comes the fun part. You shake the bag for about five minutes. This is where you can get the kids involved and make them do the work. They can play catch with it, or hula hoop with it in their hands, or do cartwheels with it in their teeth. Just as long as it keeps shaking. My kids were sleeping when I did it, so it wasn't nearly as entertaining as it might have been. My hands started getting cold, too.

As frostbite started claiming my fingers, I thought it might be brilliant to try sticking it in the washing machine and letting that agitate it. But I remembered it doesn't agitate without water. Then I thought I could toss it in the dryer on air-only cycle. But then I imagined the seals not holding up against such vigorous mixing and then imagined my husband's face when I explained the reason why we needed a new dryer.

"Well, sweetie. I was going to make ice cream . . . "

"Ice cream?"

"Yeah, ice cream."

"What's that got to do with the dryer?"

"Well, I had to keep shaking it, and my hands got cold . . . "

"So you put the ice cream in the dryer?"

"Um, yes. Well, it seemed like a good idea at the time."

"In the dryer?"

"Yeah! Think of all the people that would read a post entitled, 'Today I learned to make ice cream in my dryer.' You have to admit that sounds intriguing."

"As opposed to 'Today I learned how to install a clothesline in my living room because I tried to make ice cream in my dryer.'"

So, readers, be warned that this is the direction your mind can go when your hands start freezing because you are making ice cream in Ziploc bags after everyone has gone to sleep. Fortunately, these thoughts can be easily assuaged by A.) a pair of mittens or B.) a pillowcase. I chose the pillowcase because it was fun to swing around in circles.

Speaking of ice-cream induced mental impairments here's more science as

this link explains ice cream headaches.

So, after my five minutes were up, I checked out the bag of ice cream:

I scream - you scream - we all scream for ice cream!

Now you just serve it up. I recommend cutting one of the corners and squeezing it out soft-serve style. And if you have any aspirations of ice cream photography be sure that your batteries are at max power, because sundaes tend to pout if they're kept waiting.

But they are still tasty.

I learned a lot more science about ice cream,
like crystallization, emulsification and pasteurization.

And I learned that ice cream made in a bag
is just as tasty as the stuff from the store.

I'll post my next lessons on Sunday evening
since I'll be offline for a bit.

I'll keep you posted!

*No dryers were harmed in the making of this post.*

Today I learned how to make bouncy balls, and shared a photo essay.

Put on your lab coats and safety glasses, readers, because we’re about to get scientific. :) After my long evening of Turkish Delighting I decided to stray from cooking for a bit to do an easy science experiment and make a different kind of recipe:

Bouncy Balls ala Borax

Here are the ingredients you'll need:  

1 tbs. white glue

1/2 tsp. borax

1 tbs cornstarch

2 tbs warm water

Food coloring

 2 plastic cups

2 stirring sticks (chopsticks work fine)

A quick note is that borax is an irritant in its powder form and shouldn't be kid-handled.

It's fine for kids to play with it after it's made as long as they're old enough to know

not to eat it, slobber on it or otherwise ingest it. (Which is true of all bouncy balls.)

Step # 1- Put glue into cup and mix in whatever color you like. Waybums picked pink.

Step #2 - Mix the borax and water in the second cup with the other stirring stick.

Step # 3 - Add cornstarch and borax solution into the glue cup

and let it sit for 15 seconds.

We forgot to let it sit but it still turned out ok.

Step #4 - Stir the mixture with one of the sticks until it's hard to stir

and then begin rolling it into a ball.

It's sticky at first and hard to roll,

but give it some time and it'll get going.

Step #5 - Get bouncing!

It's not going to bounce as high as your average superball,

but you can't help but feel a little cool and MacGyver-like to have made it.

And that's how you make bouncy balls from household supplies.

*cricket-cricket*

That's it?

Really?

Hmm.

I thought it would be more difficult.

Uhhh, Something to stretch it out a bit....? Oh! I have just the thing.

 - Photo Essay on The People in the Background-

I've been a lot of touristy places before and when I've looked at the photo afterwards I always seem to notice the people in the background. I don't know these people, but here is a picture of them captured in the same place that I went. It makes me think...

"How many people have photos of me in the background of their pictures?"

Provocative thought, eh?

Well one day when we lived in Japan we took my visiting mom-in-law to Kamakura. It was a particularly busy holiday weekend and there were throngs of people everywhere. Kamakura used to be the capitol of Japan and so the place we took mom-in-law to see used to be the palace.

There were a lot of stairs.

And Waybums was still a baby in a stroller then . . .

 . . . asleep.

So I told Hubby and Mom-in-Law to go ahead. I'd just stay behind.

And I shot pictures of them on the steps and at the top.
And I started thinking about those people in the background.
Why not let them be the focus of a few pictures?

Mom taking pictures of her kids.

Teenagers glad to have a day off from school.

Tired couple.

Dad and daughter.

Ladies and their pups.

Beautiful woman in purple.

Kid in the red hat.

Man left behind at the bottom of the stairs.

There at the steps of Kamakura it was just us. People going through our day.

A lot of people get so caught up in what they're doing that people become part of the background to them. The cashier at the grocery store. The childcare worker at daycare. The person sitting at the next table in a restaurant. Static. Extras in the film of their life. And what I learned that day is that just because someone isn't the focus of my picture, doesn't mean they aren't part of that moment.

Just something I learned...

I'll keep you posted.